ACCESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
關于中華人民共和國加入的決定
Decision of 10 November 2001
2001年11月10日
The Ministerial Conference,
部長級會議，
Having regard to paragraph 2 of Article XII and paragraph 1 of Article IX of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, and the Decision-Making Procedures under Articles IX and XII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization agreed by the General Council (WT/L/93),
考慮到《馬拉喀什建立世界貿易組織協定》第12條第2款和第9條第1款，以及總理事會議定的在《馬拉喀什建立世界貿易組織協定》第12條和第9條的下決策程序（WT/L/93），
Taking note of the application of the People's Republic of China for accession to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization dated 7 December 1995,
注意到1995年12月7日中華人民共和國關于加入《馬拉喀什建立世界貿易組織協定》的申請，
Noting the results of the negotiations directed toward the establishment of the terms of accession of the People's Republic of China to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization and having prepared a Protocol on the Accession of the People's Republic of China,
注意到旨在確定中華人民共和國加入《馬拉喀什建立世界貿易組織協定》條件的談判結果，并已制定《中華人民共和國加入議定書》，
Decides as follows:
決定如下：
The People's Republic of China may accede to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization on the terms and conditions set out in the Protocol annexed to this decision.
中華人民共和國可根據本決定所附議定書中所列條款和條件加入《馬拉喀什建立世界貿易組織協定》。
PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中華人民共和國加入議定書
Preamble
序言
The World Trade Organization ("WTO"), pursuant to the approval of the Ministerial Conference of the WTO accorded under Article XII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization ("WTO Agreement"), and the People's Republic of China ("China"),
世界貿易組織（“ＷＴＯ”），按照ＷＴＯ部長級會議根據《馬拉喀什建立世界貿易組織協定》（“《ＷＴＯ協定》”）第12條所作出的批準，與中華人民共和國（“中國”），
Recalling that China was an original contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947,
憶及中國是《1947年關稅與貿易總協定》的創始締約方，
Taking note that China is a signatory to the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations,
注意到中國是《烏拉圭回合多邊貿易談判結果最后文件》的簽署方，
Taking note of the Report of the Working Party on the Accession of China in document WT/ACC/CHN/49 ("Working Party Report"),
注意到載于ＷＴ／ＡＣＣ／ＣＨＮ／49號文件的《中國加入工作組報告書》（“工作組報告書”），
Having regard to the results of the negotiations concerning China's membership in the WTO,
考慮到關于中國ＷＴＯ成員資格的談判結果，
Agree as follows:
協議如下：
Part I - General Provisions
第一部分 總 則
1. General
第1條 總體情況
1. Upon accession, China accedes to the WTO Agreement pursuant to Article XII of that Agreement and thereby becomes a Member of the WTO.
1．自加入時起，中國根據《ＷＴＯ協定》第12條加入該協定，并由此成為ＷＴＯ成員。
2. The WTO Agreement to which China accedes shall be the WTO Agreement as rectified, amended or otherwise modified by such legal instruments as may have entered into force before the date of accession.
2．中國所加入的《ＷＴＯ協定》應為經在加入之日前已生效的法律文件所更正、修正或修改的《ＷＴＯ協定》。
This Protocol, which shall include the commitments referred to in paragraph 342 of the Working Party Report, shall be an integral part of the WTO Agreement.
本議定書，包括工作組報告書第３42段所指的承諾，應成為《ＷＴＯ協定》的組成部分。
3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, those obligations in the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed to the WTO Agreement that are to be implemented over a period of time starting with entry into force of that Agreement shall be implemented by China as if it had accepted that Agreement on the date of its entry into force.
３．除本議定書另有規定外，中國應履行《ＷＴＯ協定》所附各多邊貿易協定中的、應在自該協定生效之日起開始的一段時間內履行的義務，如同中國在該協定生效之日已接受該協定。
4. China may maintain a measure inconsistent with paragraph 1of Article II of the General Agreement on Trade in Services ("GATS") provided that such a measure is recorded in the List of Article II Exemptions annexed to this Protocol and meets the conditions of the Annex to the GATS on Article II Exemptions.
4．中國可維持與《服務貿易總協定》（“ＧＡＴＳ”）第2條第1款規定不一致的措施，只要此措施已記錄在本議定書所附《第2條豁免清單》中，并符合ＧＡＴＳ《關于第2條豁免的附件》中的條件。
2. Administration of the Trade Regime
第2條 貿易制度的實施
(A) Uniform Administration
（Ａ）統一實施
1. The provisions of the WTO Agreement and this Protocol shall apply to the entire customs territory of China, including border trade regions and minority autonomous areas, Special Economic Zones, open coastal cities, economic and technical development zones and other areas where special regimes for tariffs, taxes and regulations are established (collectively referred to as "special economic areas").
1．《ＷＴＯ協定》和本議定書的規定應適用于中國的全部關稅領土，包括邊境貿易地區、民族自治地方、經濟特區、沿海開放城市、經濟技術開發區以及其他在關稅、國內稅和法規方面已建立特殊制度的地區（統稱為“特殊經濟區”）。
2. China shall apply and administer in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner all its laws, regulations and other measures of the central government as well as local regulations, rules and other measures issued or applied at the sub-national level (collectively referred to as "laws, regulations and other measures") pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights ("TRIPS") or the control of foreign exchange.
2．中國應以統一、公正和合理的方式適用和實施中央政府有關或影響貨物貿易、服務貿易、與貿易有關的知識產權（“ＴＲＩＰＳ”）或外匯管制的所有法律、法規及其他措施以及地方各級政府發布或適用的地方性法規、規章及其他措施（統稱為“法律、法規及其他措施”）。
3. China's local regulations, rules and other measures of local governments at the sub-national level shall conform to the obligations undertaken in the WTO Agreement and this Protocol.
３．中國地方各級政府的地方性法規、規章及其他措施應符合在《ＷＴＯ協定》和本議定書中所承擔的義務。
4. China shall establish a mechanism under which individuals and enterprises can bring to the attention of the national authorities cases of non-uniform application of the trade regime.
4．中國應建立一種機制，使個人和企業可據以提請國家主管機關注意貿易制度未統一適用的情況。
(B) Special Economic Areas
（Ｂ）特殊經濟區
1. China shall notify to the WTO all the relevant laws, regulations and other measures relating to its special economic areas, listing these areas by name and indicating the geographic boundaries that define them.
1．中國應將所有與其特殊經濟區有關的法律、法規及其他措施通知ＷＴＯ，列明這些地區的名稱，并指明界定這些地區的地理界線。
China shall notify the WTO promptly, but in any case within 60 days, of any additions or modifications to its special economic areas, including notification of the laws, regulations and other measures relating thereto.
中國應迅速，且無論如何應在60天內，將特殊經濟區的任何增加或改變通知 ＷＴＯ，包括與此有關的法律、法規及其他措施。
2. China shall apply to imported products, including physically incorporated components, introduced into the other parts of China's customs territory from the special economic areas, all taxes, charges and measures affecting imports, including import restrictions and customs and tariff charges, that are normally applied to imports into the other parts of China's customs territory.
2．對于自特殊經濟區輸入中國關稅領土其他部分的產品，包括物理結合的部件，中國應適用通常適用于輸入中國關稅領土其他部分的進口產品的所有影響進口產品的稅費和措施，包括進口限制及海關稅費。
3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, in providing preferential arrangements for enterprises within such special economic areas, WTO provisions on non-discrimination and national treatment shall be fully observed.
３．除本議定書另有規定外，在對此類特殊經濟區內的企業提供優惠安排時，ＷＴＯ關于非歧視和國民待遇的規定應得到全面遵守。
(C) Transparency
（Ｃ）透明度
1. China undertakes that only those laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange that are published and readily available to other WTO Members, individuals and enterprises, shall be enforced.
1．中國承諾只執行已公布的、且其他ＷＴＯ成員、個人和企業可容易獲得的有關或影響貨物貿易、服務貿易、ＴＲＩＰＳ或外匯管制的法律、法規及其他措施。
In addition, China shall make available to WTO Members, upon request, all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange before such measures are implemented or enforced.
此外，在所有有關或影響貨物貿易、服務貿易、ＴＲＩＰＳ或外匯管制的法律、法規及其他措施實施或執行前，應請求，中國應使ＷＴＯ成員可獲得此類措施。
In emergency situations, laws, regulations and other measures shall be made available at the latest when they are implemented or enforced.
在緊急情況下，應使法律、法規及其他措施最遲在實施或執行之時可獲得。
2. China shall establish or designate an official journal dedicated to the publication of all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange and, after publication of its laws, regulations or other measures in such journal, shall provide a reasonable period for comment to the appropriate authorities before such measures are implemented,
2．中國應設立或指定一官方刊物，用于公布所有有關或影響貨物貿易、服務貿易、ＴＲＩＰＳ或外匯管制的法律、法規及其他措施，并且在其法律、法規或其他措施在該刊物上公布之后，應在此類措施實施之前提供一段可向有關主管機關提出意見的合理時間，
except for those laws, regulations and other measures involving national security, specific measures setting foreign exchange rates or monetary policy and other measures the publication of which would impede law enforcement.
但涉及國家安全的法律、法規及其他措施、確定外匯匯率或貨幣政策的特定措施以及一旦公布則會妨礙法律實施的其他措施除外。
China shall publish this journal on a regular basis and make copies of all issues of this journal readily available to individuals and enterprises.
中國應定期出版該刊物，并使個人和企業可容易獲得該刊物各期。
3. China shall establish or designate an enquiry point where, upon request of any individual, enterprise or WTO Member all information relating to the measures required to be published under paragraph 2(C)1 of this Protocol may be obtained.
３．中國應設立或指定一咨詢點，應任何個人、企業或ＷＴＯ成員的請求，在咨詢點可獲得根據本議定書第2條（Ｃ）節第1款要求予以公布的措施有關的所有信息。
Replies to requests for information shall generally be provided within 30 days after receipt of a request.
對此類提供信息請求的答復一般應在收到請求后３0天內作出。
In exceptional cases, replies may be provided within 45 days after receipt of a request.
在例外情況下，可在收到請求后45天內作出答復。
Notice of the delay and the reasons therefor shall be provided in writing to the interested party.
延遲的通知及其原因應以書面形式向有關當事人提供。
Replies to WTO Members shall be complete and shall represent the authoritative view of the Chinese government.
向ＷＴＯ成員作出的答復應全面，并應代表中國政府的權威觀點。
Accurate and reliable information shall be provided to individuals and enterprises.
應向個人和企業提供準確和可靠的信息。
(D) Judicial Review
（Ｄ）司法審查
1. China shall establish, or designate, and maintain tribunals, contact points and procedures for the prompt review of all administrative actions relating to the implementation of laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application referred to in Article X:1 of the GATT 1994, Article VI of the GATS and the relevant provisions of the TRIPS Agreement.
1．中國應設立或指定并維持審查庭、聯絡點和程序，以便迅速審查所有與《1994年關稅與貿易總協定》（“ＧＡＴＴ1994”）第10條第1款、ＧＡＴＳ第6條和《ＴＲＩＰＳ協定》相關規定所指的法律、法規、普遍適用的司法決定和行政決定的實施有關的所有行政行為。
Such tribunals shall be impartial and independent of the agency entrusted with administrative enforcement and shall not have any substantial interest in the outcome of the matter.
此類審查庭應是公正的，并獨立于被授權進行行政執行的機關，且不應對審查事項的結果有任何實質利害關系。
2. Review procedures shall include the opportunity for appeal, without penalty, by individuals or enterprises affected by any administrative action subject to review.
2．審查程序應包括給予受須經審查的任何行政行為影響的個人或企業進行上訴的機會，且不因上訴而受到處罰。
If the initial right of appeal is to an administrative body, there shall in all cases be the opportunity to choose to appeal the decision to a judicial body.
如初始上訴權需向行政機關提出，則在所有情況下應有選擇向司法機關對決定提出上訴的機會。
Notice of the decision on appeal shall be given to the appellant and the reasons for such decision shall be provided in writing.
關于上訴的決定應通知上訴人，作出該決定的理由應以書面形式提供。
The appellant shall also be informed of any right to further appeal.
上訴人還應被告知可進一步上訴的任何權利。
3. Non-discrimination
第３條 非歧視
Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of:
除本議定書另有規定外，在下列方面給予外國個人、企業和外商投資企業的待遇不得低于給予其他個人和企業的待遇：
(a) the procurement of inputs and goods and services necessary for production and the conditions under which their goods are produced, marketed or sold, in the domestic market and for export; and
（ａ）生產所需投入物、貨物和服務的采購，及其貨物據以在國內市場或供出口而生產、營銷或銷售的條件；及
(b) the prices and availability of goods and services supplied by national and sub-national authorities and public or state enterprises, in areas including transportation, energy, basic telecommunications, other utilities and factors of production.
（ｂ）國家和地方各級主管機關以及公有或國有企業在包括運輸、能源、基礎電信、其他生產設施和要素等領域所供應的貨物和服務的價格和可用性。
4. Special Trade Arrangements
第4條 特殊貿易安排
Upon accession, China shall eliminate or bring into conformity with the WTO Agreement all special trade arrangements, including barter trade arrangements, with third countries and separate customs territories, which are not in conformity with the WTO Agreement.
自加入時起，中國應取消與第三國和單獨關稅區之間的、與《ＷＴＯ協定》不符的所有特殊貿易安排，包括易貨貿易安排，或使其符合《ＷＴＯ協定》。
5. Right to Trade
第5條 貿易權
1. Without prejudice to China's right to regulate trade in a manner consistent with the WTO Agreement, China shall progressively liberalize the availability and scope of the right to trade, so that, within three years after accession, all enterprises in China shall have the right to trade in all goods throughout the customs territory of China, except for those goods listed in Annex 2A which continue to be subject to state trading in accordance with this Protocol.
1．在不損害中國以與符合《ＷＴＯ協定》的方式管理貿易的權利的情況下，中國應逐步放寬貿易權的獲得及其范圍，以便在加入后３年內，使所有在中國的企業均有權在中國的全部關稅領土內從事所有貨物的貿易，但附件2Ａ所列依照本議定書繼續實行國營貿易的貨物除外。
Such right to trade shall be the right to import and export goods.
此種貿易權應為進口或出口貨物的權利。
All such goods shall be accorded national treatment under Article III of the GATT 1994, especially paragraph 4 thereof, in respect of their internal sale, offering for sale, purchase, transportation, distribution or use, including their direct access to end-users.
對于所有此類貨物，均應根據ＧＡＴＴ1994第３條，特別是其中第4款的規定，在國內銷售、許諾銷售、購買、運輸、分銷或使用方面，包括直接接觸最終用戶方面，給予國民待遇。
For those goods listed in Annex 2B, China shall phase out limitation on the grant of trading rights pursuant to the schedule in that Annex.
對于附件2Ｂ所列貨物，中國應根據該附件中所列時間表逐步取消在給予貿易權方面的限制。
China shall complete all necessary legislative procedures to implement these provisions during the transition period.
中國應在過渡期內完成執行這些規定所必需的立法程序。
2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, all foreign individuals and enterprises, including those not invested or registered in China, shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to enterprises in China with respect to the right to trade.
2．除本議定書另有規定外，對于所有外國個人和企業，包括未在中國投資或注冊的外國個人和企業，在貿易權方面應給予其不低于給予在中國的企業的待遇。
6. State Trading
第6條 國營貿易
1. China shall ensure that import purchasing procedures of state trading enterprises are fully transparent, and in compliance with the WTO Agreement, and shall refrain from taking any measure to influence or direct state trading enterprises as to the quantity, value, or country of origin of goods purchased or sold, except in accordance with the WTO Agreement.
1．中國應保證國營貿易企業的進口購買程序完全透明，并符合《ＷＴＯ協定》，且應避免采取任何措施對國營貿易企業購買或銷售貨物的數量、價值或原產國施加影響或指導，但依照《ＷＴＯ協定》進行的除外。
2. As part of China's notification under the GATT 1994 and the Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII of the GATT 1994, China shall also provide full information on the pricing mechanisms of its state trading enterprises for exported goods.
2．作為根據ＧＡＴＴ1994和《關于解釋1994年關稅與貿易總協定第17條的諒解》所作通知的一部分，中國還應提供有關其國營貿易企業出口貨物定價機制的全部信息。
7. Non-Tariff Measures
第7條 非關稅措施
1. China shall implement the schedule for phased elimination of the measures contained in Annex 3. During the periods specified in Annex 3, the protection afforded by the measures listed in that Annex shall not be increased or expanded in size, scope or duration, nor shall any new measures be applied, unless in conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement.
1．中國應執行附件３包含的非關稅措施取消時間表。在附件３中所列期限內，對該附件中所列措施所提供的保護在規模、范圍或期限方面不得增加或擴大，且不得實施任何新的措施，除非符合《ＷＴＯ協定》的規定。
2. In implementing the provisions of Articles III and XI of the GATT 1994 and the Agreement on Agriculture, China shall eliminate and shall not introduce, re-introduce or apply non-tariff measures that cannot be justified under the provisions of the WTO Agreement.
2．在實施ＧＡＴＴ1994第３條、第11條和《農業協定》的規定時，中國應取消且不得采取、重新采取或實施不能根據《ＷＴＯ協定》的規定證明為合理的非關稅措施。
For all non-tariff measures, whether or not referred to in Annex 3, that are applied after the date of accession, consistent with the WTO Agreement or this Protocol, China shall allocate and otherwise administer such measures in strict conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement, including GATT 1994 and Article XIII thereof, and the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, including notification requirements.
對于在加入之日以后實施的、與本議定書或《ＷＴＯ協定》相一致的非關稅措施，無論附件３是否提及，中國均應嚴格遵守《ＷＴＯ協定》的規定，包括ＧＡＴＴ1994及其第1３條以及《進口許可程序協定》的規定，包括通知要求，對此類措施進行分配或管理。
3. China shall, upon accession, comply with the TRIMs Agreement, without recourse to the provisions of Article 5 of the TRIMs Agreement.
３．自加入時起，中國應遵守《ＴＲＩＭｓ協定》，但不援用《ＴＲＩＭｓ協定》第5條的規定。
China shall eliminate and cease to enforce trade and foreign exchange balancing requirements, local content and export or performance requirements made effective through laws, regulations or other measures. Moreover, China will not enforce provisions of contracts imposing such requirements.
中國應取消并停止執行通過法律、法規或其他措施實施的貿易平衡要求和外匯平衡要求、當地含量要求和出口實績要求。此外，中國將不執行設置此類要求的合同條款。
Without prejudice to the relevant provisions of this Protocol, China shall ensure that the distribution of import licences, quotas, tariff?rate quotas, or any other means of approval for importation, the right of importation or investment by national and sub?national authorities, is not conditioned on:
在不損害本議定書有關規定的情況下，中國應保證國家和地方各級主管機關對進口許可證、配額、關稅配額的分配或對進口、進口權或投資權的任何其他批準方式，不以下列內容為條件：
whether competing domestic suppliers of such products exist; or performance requirements of any kind, such as local content, offsets, the transfer of technology, export performance or the conduct of research and development in China.
此類產品是否存在與之競爭的國內供應者；任何類型的實績要求，例如當地含量、補償、技術轉讓、出口實績或在中國進行研究與開發等。
4. Import and export prohibitions and restrictions, and licensing requirements affecting imports and exports shall only be imposed and enforced by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities.
4．進出口禁止和限制以及影響進出口的許可程序要求只能由國家主管機關或由國家主管機關授權的地方各級主管機關實行和執行。
Such measures which are not imposed by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities, shall not be implemented or enforced.
不得實施或執行不屬國家主管機關或由國家主管機關授權的地方各級主管機關實行的措施。
8. Import and Export Licensing
第8條 進出口許可程序
1. In implementing the WTO Agreement and provisions of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, China shall undertake the following measures to facilitate compliance with these agreements:
1．在實施《ＷＴＯ協定》和《進口許可程序協定》的規定時，中國應采取以下措施，以便遵守這些協定：
(a) China shall publish on a regular basis the following in the official journal referred to in paragraph 2(C)2 of this Protocol:
（ａ）中國應定期在本議定書第2條（Ｃ）節第2款所指的官方刊物中公布下列內容：
– by product, the list of all organizations, including those organizations delegated such authority by the national authorities, that are responsible for authorizing or approving imports or exports, whether through grant of licence or other approval;
－按產品排列的所有負責授權或批準進出口的組織的清單，包括由國家主管機關授權的組織，無論是通過發放許可證還是其他批準；
– procedures and criteria for obtaining such import or export licences or other approvals, and the conditions for deciding whether they should be granted;
－獲得此類進出口許可證或其他批準的程序和標準，以及決定是否發放進出口許可證或其他批準的條件；
– a list of all products, by tariff number, that are subject to tendering requirements, including information on products subject to such tendering requirements and any changes, pursuant to the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures;
－按照《進口許可程序協定》，按稅號排列的實行招標要求管理的全部產品清單；包括關于實行此類招標要求管理產品的信息及任何變更；
– a list of all goods and technologies whose import or export are restricted or prohibited; these goods shall also be notified to the Committee on Import Licensing;
－限制或禁止進出口的所有貨物和技術的清單；這些貨物也應通知進口許可程序委員會；
– any changes to the list of goods and technologies whose import and export are restricted or prohibited.
－限制或禁止進出口的貨物和技術清單的任何變更；
Copies of these submissions in one or more official languages of the WTO shall be forwarded to the WTO for circulation to WTO Members and for submission to the Committee on Import Licensing within 75 days of each publication.
用一種或多種ＷＴＯ正式語文提交的這些文件的副本應在每次公布后75天內送交ＷＴＯ，供散發ＷＴＯ成員并提交進口許可程序委員會。
(b) China shall notify the WTO of all licensing and quota requirements remaining in effect after accession, listed separately by HS tariff line and with the quantities associated with the restriction, if any, and the justification for maintaining the restriction or its scheduled date of termination.
（ｂ）中國應將加入后仍然有效的所有許可程序和配額要求通知ＷＴＯ，這些要求應按協調制度稅號分別排列，并附與此種限制有關的數量（如有數量），以及保留此種限制的理由或預定的終止日期。
(c) China shall submit the notification of its import licensing procedures to the Committee on Import Licensing.
（ｃ）中國應向進口許可程序委員會提交其關于進口許可程序的通知。
China shall report annually to the Committee on Import Licensing on its automatic import licensing procedures, explaining the circumstances which give rise to these requirements and justifying the need for their continuation.
中國應每年向進口許可程序委員會報告其自動進口許可程序的情況，說明產生這些要求的情況，并證明繼續實行的需要。
This report shall also provide the information listed in Article 3 of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures.
該報告還應提供《進口許可程序協定》第３條中所列信息。
(d) China shall issue import licences for a minimum duration of validity of six months, except where exceptional circumstances make this impossible.
（ｄ）中國發放的進口許可證的有效期至少應為6個月，除非例外情況使此點無法做到。
In such cases, China shall promptly notify the Committee on Import Licensing of the exceptional circumstances requiring the shorter period of licence validity.
在此類情況下，中國應將要求縮短許可證有效期的例外情況迅速通知進口許可程序委員會。
2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the distribution of import and export licences and quotas.
2．除本議定書另有規定外，對于外國個人、企業和外商投資企業在進出口許可證和配額分配方面，應給予不低于給予其他個人和企業的待遇。
9. Price Controls
第9條 價格控制
1. China shall, subject to paragraph 2 below, allow prices for traded goods and services in every sector to be determined by market forces, and multi-tier pricing practices for such goods and services shall be eliminated.
1．在遵守以下第2款的前提下，中國應允許每一部門交易的貨物和服務的價格由市場力量決定，且應取消對此類貨物和服務的多重定價做法。
2. The goods and services listed in Annex 4 may be subject to price controls, consistent with the WTO Agreement, in particular Article III of the GATT 1994 and Annex 2, paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Agreement on Agriculture.
2．在符合《ＷＴＯ協定》，特別是ＧＡＴＴ1994第３條和《農業協定》附件2第３、4款的情況下，可對附件4所列貨物和服務實行價格控制。
Except in exceptional circumstances, and subject to notification to the WTO, price controls shall not be extended to goods or services beyond those listed in Annex 4, and China shall make best efforts to reduce and eliminate these controls.
除非在特殊情況下，并須通知ＷＴＯ，否則不得對附件4所列貨物或服務以外的貨物或服務實行價格控制，且中國應盡最大努力減少和取消這些控制。
3. China shall publish in the official journal the list of goods and services subject to state pricing and changes thereto.
３．中國應在官方刊物上公布實行國家定價的貨物和服務的清單及其變更情況。
10. Subsidies
第10條 補貼
1. China shall notify the WTO of any subsidy within the meaning of Article 1 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures ("SCM Agreement"), granted or maintained in its territory, organized by specific product, including those subsidies defined in Article 3 of the SCM Agreement.
1．中國應通知ＷＴＯ在其領土內給予或維持的、屬《補貼與反補貼措施協定》（“《ＳＣＭ協定》”）第1條含義內的、按具體產品劃分的任何補貼，包括《ＳＣＭ協定》第３條界定的補貼。
The information provided should be as specific as possible, following the requirements of the questionnaire on subsidies as noted in Article 25 of the SCM Agreement.
所提供的信息應盡可能具體，并遵循《ＳＣＭ協定》第25條所提及的關于補貼問卷的要求。
2. For purposes of applying Articles 1.2 and 2 of the SCM Agreement, subsidies provided to state-owned enterprises will be viewed as specific if, inter alia, state?owned enterprises are the predominant recipients of such subsidies or state?owned enterprises receive disproportionately large amounts of such subsidies.
2．就實施《ＳＣＭ協定》第1條第2款和第2條而言，對國有企業提供的補貼將被視為專向性補貼，特別是在國有企業是此類補貼的主要接受者或國有企業接受此類補貼的數量異常之大的情況下。
3. China shall eliminate all subsidy programmes falling within the scope of Article 3 of the SCM Agreement upon accession.
３．中國應自加入時起取消屬《ＳＣＭ協定》第３條范圍內的所有補貼。
11. Taxes and Charges Levied on Imports and Exports
第11條 對進出口產品征收的稅費
1. China shall ensure that customs fees or charges applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities, shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.
1．中國應保證國家主管機關或地方各級主管機關實施或管理的海關規費或費用符合ＧＡＴＴ1994。
2. China shall ensure that internal taxes and charges, including value-added taxes, applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.
2．中國應保證國家主管機關或地方各級主管機關實施或管理的國內稅費，包括增值稅，符合ＧＡＴＴ1994。
3. China shall eliminate all taxes and charges applied to exports unless specifically provided for in Annex 6 of this Protocol or applied in conformity with the provisions of Article VIII of the GATT 1994.
３．中國應取消適用于出口產品的全部稅費，除非本議定書附件6中有明確規定或按照ＧＡＴＴ1994第8條的規定適用。
4. Foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall, upon accession, be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the provision of border tax adjustments.
4．在進行邊境稅的調整方面，對于外國個人、企業和外商投資企業，自加入時起應被給予不低于給予其他個人和企業的待遇。
12. Agriculture
第12條 農業
1. China shall implement the provisions contained in China's Schedule of Concessions and Commitments on Goods and, as specifically provided in this Protocol, those of the Agreement on Agriculture. In this context, China shall not maintain or introduce any export subsidies on agricultural products.
1．中國應實施中國貨物貿易承諾和減讓表中包含的規定，以及本議定書具體規定的《農業協定》的條款。在這方面，中國不得對農產品維持或采取任何出口補貼。
2. China shall, under the Transitional Review Mechanism, notify fiscal and other transfers between or among state-owned enterprises in the agricultural sector (whether national or sub-national) and other enterprises that operate as state trading enterprises in the agricultural sector.
2．中國應在過渡性審議機制中，就農業領域的國營貿易企業（無論是國家還是地方）與在農業領域按國營貿易企業經營的其他企業之間或在上述任何企業之間進行的財政和其他轉移作出通知。
13. Technical Barriers to Trade
第1３條 技術性貿易壁壘
1. China shall publish in the official journal all criteria, whether formal or informal, that are the basis for a technical regulation, standard or conformity assessment procedure.
1．中國應在官方刊物上公布作為技術法規、標準或合格評定程序依據的所有正式的或非正式的標準。
2. China shall, upon accession, bring into conformity with the TBT Agreement all technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures.
2．中國應自加入時起，使所有技術法規、標準和合格評定程序符合《ＴＢＴ協定》。
3. China shall apply conformity assessment procedures to imported products only to determine compliance with technical regulations and standards that are consistent with the provisions of this Protocol and the WTO Agreement.
３．中國對進口產品實施合格評定程序的目的應僅為確定其是否符合與本議定書和《ＷＴＯ協定》規定相一致的技術法規和標準。
Conformity assessment bodies will determine the conformity of imported products with commercial terms of contracts only if authorized by the parties to such contract.
只有在合同各方授權的情況下，合格評定機構方可對進口產品是否符合該合同的商業條款進行合格評定。
China shall ensure that such inspection of products for compliance with the commercial terms of contracts does not affect customs clearance or the granting of import licences for such products.
中國應保證此種針對產品是否符合合同商業條款的檢驗不影響此類產品通關或進口許可證的發放。
4. (a) Upon accession, China shall ensure that the same technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures are applied to both imported and domestic products.
4．（ａ）自加入時起，中國應保證對進口產品和國產品適用相同的技術法規、標準和合格評定程序。
In order to ensure a smooth transition from the current system, China shall ensure that, upon accession, all certification, safety licensing, and quality licensing bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake these activities for both imported and domestic products, and that, one year after accession, all conformity assessment bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake conformity assessment for both imported and domestic products.
為保證從現行體制的順利過渡，中國應保證自加入時起，所有認證、安全許可和質量許可機構和部門獲得既對進口產品又對國產品進行此類活動的授權；加入1年后，所有合格評定機構和部門獲得既對進口產品又對國產品進行合格評定的授權。
The choice of body or agency shall be at the discretion of the applicant.
對機構或部門的選擇應由申請人決定。
For imported and domestic products, all bodies and agencies shall issue the same mark and charge the same fee. They shall also provide the same processing periods and complaint procedures.
對于進口產品和國產品，所有機構和部門應頒發相同的標志，收取相同的費用。它們還應提供相同的處理時間和申訴程序。
Imported products shall not be subject to more than one conformity assessment.
進口產品不得實行一種以上的合格評定程序。
China shall publish and make readily available to other WTO Members, individuals, and enterprises full information on the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies and agencies.
中國應公布并使其他ＷＴＯ成員、個人和企業可獲得有關其各合格評定機構和部門相應職責的全部信息。
(b) No later than 18 months after accession, China shall assign the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies solely on the basis of the scope of work and type of product without any consideration of the origin of a product.
（ｂ）不遲于加入后18個月，中國應僅依據工作范圍和產品種類，指定其各合格評定機構的相應職責，而不考慮產品的原產地。
The respective responsibilities that will be assigned to China’s conformity assessment bodies will be notified to the TBT Committee 12 months after accession.
指定給中國各合格評定機構的相應職責將在加入后12個月通知ＴＢＴ委員會。
14. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
第14條 衛生與植物衛生措施
China shall notify to the WTO all laws, regulations and other measures relating to its sanitary and phytosanitary measures, including product coverage and relevant international standards, guidelines and recommendations, within 30 days after accession.
中國應在加入后３0天內，向ＷＴＯ通知其所有有關衛生與植物衛生措施的法律、法規及其他措施，包括產品范圍及相關國際標準、指南和建議。
15. Price Comparability in Determining Subsidies and Dumping
第15條 確定補貼和傾銷時的價格可比性
Article VI of the GATT 1994, the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 ("Anti-Dumping Agreement") and the SCM Agreement shall apply in proceedings involving imports of Chinese origin into a WTO Member consistent with the following:
ＧＡＴＴ1994第6條、《關于實施1994年關稅與貿易總協定第6條的協定》（“《反傾銷協定》”）以及《ＳＣＭ協定》應適用于涉及原產于中國的進口產品進入一ＷＴＯ成員的程序，并應符合下列規定：
(a) In determining price comparability under Article VI of the GATT 1994 and the Anti?Dumping Agreement, the importing WTO Member shall use either Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation or a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China based on the following rules:
（ａ）在根據ＧＡＴＴ1994第6條和《反傾銷協定》確定價格可比性時，該ＷＴＯ進口成員應依據下列規則，使用接受調查產業的中國價格或成本，或者使用不依據與中國國內價格或成本進行嚴格比較的方法：
(i) If the producers under investigation can clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to the manufacture, production and sale of that product, the importing WTO Member shall use Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation in determining price comparability;
（i）如受調查的生產者能夠明確證明，生產該同類產品的產業在制造、生產和銷售該產品方面具備市場經濟條件，則該ＷＴＯ進口成員在確定價格可比性時，應使用受調查產業的中國價格或成本；
(ii) The importing WTO Member may use a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China if the producers under investigation cannot clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to manufacture, production and sale of that product.
（ii）如受調查的生產者不能明確證明生產該同類產品的產業在制造、生產和銷售該產品方面具備市場經濟條件，則該ＷＴＯ進口成員可使用不依據與中國國內價格或成本進行嚴格比較的方法。
(b) In proceedings under Parts II, III and V of the SCM Agreement, when addressing subsidies described in Articles 14(a), 14(b), 14(c) and 14(d), relevant provisions of the SCM Agreement shall apply;
（ｂ）在根據《ＳＣＭ協定》第二、三及五部分規定進行的程序中，在處理第14條（ａ）項、（ｂ）項、（ｃ）項和（ｄ）項所述補貼時，應適用《ＳＣＭ協定》的有關規定；
however, if there are special difficulties in that application, the importing WTO Member may then use methodologies for identifying and measuring the subsidy benefit which take into account the possibility that prevailing terms and conditions in China may not always be available as appropriate benchmarks.
但是，如此種適用遇有特殊困難，則該ＷＴＯ進口成員可使用考慮到中國國內現有情況和條件并非總能用作適當基準這一可能性的確定和衡量補貼利益的方法。
In applying such methodologies, where practicable, the importing WTO Member should adjust such prevailing terms and conditions before considering the use of terms and conditions prevailing outside China.
在適用此類方法時，只要可行，該ＷＴＯ進口成員在考慮使用中國以外的情況和條件之前，應對此類現有情況和條件進行調整。
(c) The importing WTO Member shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (a) to the Committee on Anti-Dumping Practices and shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (b) to the Committee on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.
（ｃ）該ＷＴＯ進口成員應向反傾銷措施委員會通知依照（ａ）項使用的方法，并應向補貼與反補貼措施委員會通知依照（ｂ）項使用的方法。
(d) Once China has established, under the national law of the importing WTO Member, that it is a market economy, the provisions of subparagraph (a) shall be terminated provided that the importing Member's national law contains market economy criteria as of the date of accession.
（ｄ）一旦中國根據該ＷＴＯ進口成員的國內法證實其是一個市場經濟體，則（ａ）項的規定即應終止，但截至加入之日，該ＷＴＯ進口成員的國內法中須包含有關市場經濟的標準。
In any event, the provisions of subparagraph (a)(ii) shall expire 15 years after the date of accession.
無論如何，（ａ）項（ii）目的規定應在加入之日后15年終止。
In addition, should China establish, pursuant to the national law of the importing WTO Member, that market economy conditions prevail in a particular industry or sector, the non?market economy provisions of subparagraph (a) shall no longer apply to that industry or sector.
此外，如中國根據該ＷＴＯ進口成員的國內法證實一特定產業或部門具備市場經濟條件，則（ａ）項中的非市場經濟條款不得再對該產業或部門適用。
16. Transitional Product-Specific Safeguard Mechanism
第16條 特定產品過渡性保障機制
1. In cases where products of Chinese origin are being imported into the territory of any WTO Member in such increased quantities or under such conditions as to cause or threaten to cause market disruption to the domestic producers of like or directly competitive products, the WTO Member so affected may request consultations with China with a view to seeking a mutually satisfactory solution, including whether the affected WTO Member should pursue application of a measure under the Agreement on Safeguards.
1．如原產于中國的產品在進口至任何ＷＴＯ成員領土時，其增長的數量或所依據的條件對生產同類產品或直接競爭產品的國內生產者造成或威脅造成市場擾亂，則受此影響的ＷＴＯ成員可請求與中國進行磋商，以期尋求雙方滿意的解決辦法，包括受影響的成員是否應根據《保障措施協定》采取措施。
Any such request shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
任何此種請求應立即通知保障措施委員會。
2. If, in the course of these bilateral consultations, it is agreed that imports of Chinese origin are such a cause and that action is necessary, China shall take such action as to prevent or remedy the market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
2．如在這些雙邊磋商過程中，雙方同意原產于中國的進口產品是造成此種情況的原因并有必要采取行動，則中國應采取行動以防止或補救此種市場擾亂。任何此類行動應立即通知保障措施委員會。
3. If consultations do not lead to an agreement between China and the WTO Member concerned within 60 days of the receipt of a request for consultations, the WTO Member affected shall be free, in respect of such products, to withdraw concessions or otherwise to limit imports only to the extent necessary to prevent or remedy such market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
３．如磋商未能使中國與有關ＷＴＯ成員在收到磋商請求后60天內達成協議，則受影響的ＷＴＯ成員有權在防止或補救此種市場擾亂所必需的限度內，對此類產品撤銷減讓或限制進口。任何此類行動應立即通知保障措施委員會。
4. Market disruption shall exist whenever imports of an article, like or directly competitive with an article produced by the domestic industry, are increasing rapidly, either absolutely or relatively, so as to be a significant cause of material injury, or threat of material injury to the domestic industry.
4．市場擾亂應在下列情況下存在：一項產品的進口快速增長，無論是絕對增長還是相對增長，從而構成對生產同類產品或直接競爭產品的國內產業造成實質損害或實質損害威脅的一個重要原因。
In determining if market disruption exists, the affected WTO Member shall consider objective factors, including the volume of imports, the effect of imports on prices for like or directly competitive articles, and the effect of such imports on the domestic industry producing like or directly competitive products.
在認定是否存在市場擾亂時，受影響的ＷＴＯ成員應考慮客觀因素，包括進口量、進口產品對同類產品或直接競爭產品價格的影響以及此類進口產品對生產同類產品或直接競爭產品的國內產業的影響。
5. Prior to application of a measure pursuant to paragraph 3, the WTO Member taking such action shall provide reasonable public notice to all interested parties and provide adequate opportunity for importers, exporters and other interested parties to submit their views and evidence on the appropriateness of the proposed measure and whether it would be in the public interest.
5．在根據第３款采取措施之前，采取此項行動的ＷＴＯ成員應向所有利害關系方提供合理的公告，并應向進口商、出口商及其他利害關系方提供充分機會，供其就擬議措施的適當性及是否符合公眾利益提出意見和證據。
The WTO Member shall provide written notice of the decision to apply a measure, including the reasons for such measure and its scope and duration.
該ＷＴＯ成員應提供關于采取措施的決定的書面通知，包括采取該措施的理由及其范圍和期限。
6. A WTO Member shall apply a measure pursuant to this Section only for such period of time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy the market disruption.
6．一ＷＴＯ成員只能在防止和補救市場擾亂所必需的時限內根據本條采取措施。
If a measure is taken as a result of a relative increase in the level of imports, China has the right to suspend the application of substantially equivalent concessions or obligations under the GATT 1994 to the trade of the WTO Member applying the measure, if such measure remains in effect more than two years.
如一措施是由于進口水平的相對增長而采取的，而且如該項措施持續有效的期限超過2年，則中國有權針對實施該措施的ＷＴＯ成員的貿易暫停實施ＧＡＴＴ1994項下實質相當的減讓或義務。